Ovaries are the female gonads — the primary female reproductive organs. These glands have three important functions: they secrete hormones, they protect the eggs a female is born with and they release eggs for possible fertilization. The ovary is an organ found in the female reproductive system that produces an ovum. These ovaries travels down the fallopian tube into the uterus, where it may become fertilized by a sperm. There is an ovary found on each side of the body.
Size & Location :-
Human females are typically born with two ovaries stemming from the uterus. Before puberty, ovaries are just long bundles of tissue. As the female matures, so do her ovaries. When mature, ovaries are about the size of a large grapes.
The ovaries lie on either side of the uterus against the pelvic wall in a region called the ovarian fossa. They are held in place by ligaments attached to the uterus. They’re located in the lower abdomen on both sides of the uterus. Women have two ovaries that produce eggs as well as the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
Cyst :-
A fluid-filled sac called a cyst will develop on one of the ovaries. In most cases, the cysts are painless and cause no symptoms. But sometimes these cause some symptoms and the symptoms can be :-
Symptoms :
Lower back pain
Pain in thighs
Pelvic pain during menstrual flow
Irregular menstrual flow
Painful intercourse
Vomiting
Nausea
Abdominal pain
Swelling on abdominal area
Sometimes the ovarian cyst are more painful and the symptoms can be dizziness, fever, high pelvic pain. If ovarian cyst symptoms reaches high than one should concern to a doctor. Doctor may recommend the surgery.
Risk factors in a female body by an ovarian cyst :-
Hormonal problems which include taking the fertility drug which is used to cause you to ovulate.
Pregnancy sometimes, the cyst that forms when you ovulate stays on your ovary throughout your pregnancy.
Endometriosis is the condition causes uterine endometrial cells to grow outside your uterus. Some of the tissue can attach to your ovary and form a growth.
A severe pelvic infection , the infection spreads to the ovaries, it can cause cysts.
A previous ovarian cyst if a female have had one, you’re likely to develop more.
Hormonal problems which include taking the fertility drug which is used to cause you to ovulate.
Pregnancy sometimes, the cyst that forms when you ovulate stays on your ovary throughout your pregnancy.
Endometriosis is the condition causes uterine endometrial cells to grow outside your uterus. Some of the tissue can attach to your ovary and form a growth.
A severe pelvic infection , the infection spreads to the ovaries, it can cause cysts.
A previous ovarian cyst if a female have had one, you’re likely to develop more.
Treatment for ovarian cyst :-
Birth control pills
Laparoscopy
Ovarian cyst prevention – update your doctor about pelvic pain, irregular menstrual flow etc..
Laparotomy
Removal of the ovarian cyst by surgery
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Sperm motility is the ability of sperm to move efficiently. This is important in fertility because sperm need to move through the woman’s reproductive tract to reach and fertilize her egg. Poor sperm motility can be a cause of male factor infertility.
In this article, we look at the impact of sperm motility on fertility, as well as the causes of poor sperm motility, and what can be done to improve it.
What is sperm motility?
There are two kinds of sperm motility, referring to the way the individual sperm swim.
Progressive motility refers to sperm that are swimming in a mostly straight line or large circles.
Non-progressive motility refers to sperm that do not travel in straight lines or that swim in very tight circles.
For the sperm to get through the cervical mucus to fertilize a woman’s egg, they need to have progressive motility of at least 25 micrometers a second.
Poor sperm motility or asthenozoospermia is diagnosed when less than 32 percent of the sperm are able to move efficiently.
How does it affect fertility?
Worldwide, around 60 to 80 million couples are affected by infertility, and the rates vary from country to country.
In the United States, the rate is thought to be around 10 percent of couples. The figure is based on the definition of infertility as the inability to conceive after 12 months of trying.
Male factor infertility is when an issue with the man’s biology makes him unable to impregnate a woman. It accounts for between 40 to 50 percent of infertility cases and affects around 7 percent of men.
Male infertility is usually the result of deficiencies in the semen, the most common of which are:
low sperm count or oligospermia
poor sperm motility
abnormal sperm shape or teratospermia
Around 90 percent of male infertility issues are caused by low sperm count, but poor sperm motility is an important factor also.
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This is the series of events occurring in the females every 28 to 30 days through out the child bearing the period of about 36 years. The gamete formation in female is a cyclic activity that takes about 28/29 days and involves changes on the structure and function of the entire reproductive system. It is called as menstrual cycle. The menstrual cycle occur only in primates . (Monkey, apes and Human being). The first mensuration begins at puberty and is called as menarche. The menstrual cycle in human last at 28 to 30 days. In human females, menstrual cycle ceases around 50 years of age and this stage is term as menopause.
The menstrual cycle consists of 3 phases :-
1) Follicular Or proliferating phase
2) Luteal Or secretory phase
3) Menstrual Or bleeding phase
Proliferative phase : At this stage an ovarian follicle, stimulate by FSH is growing towards the maturity and is producing oestrogen, which stimulates proliferation of functional layers of the endometrium in preparation for the reception of a fertilized ovum . The endometrium thickens, become vascular and rich in mucus secreting glands. This phase ends when ovulation occurs and oestrogen production by the follicles decline.
Secretory phase : after ovulation, the cells lining the ovarian follicles are stimulate by LH and develop into the corpus luteum, which produce progesterone and some oestrogen. Cervical mucus, normally thick, dry become thin elastic And watery and body temperature rises by small but measurable amount immediately following ovulation.Some women experience abdominal discomfort in the middle of the cycle, thought to correspond to rupture of the follicle .
Menstrual phase : the phase last for 3-4 days .If the fertilization not occur, the secondary oocyte undergoes autolysis and progesterone inhibit the release of LH from pituitary.
Reduction of LH hormone . The lining of fallopian tube break down. The cast off uterine and fallopian tube tissue, blood that oozes from rapture endometrial blood vessels and tissue fluid from the endometrial surface pass out through the vaginal opening , this process is called mensuration or menstrual flow.
In some females the menstrual cycle is irregular due to some reason. The reason for irregular menstrual flow are:-
Having an intrauterine device (IUD)
Changing birth control pills or using certain medications
Too much exercise
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
Pregnancy
Stress
Overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) or underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism
Thickening of or polyps on the uterine lining
Uterine fibroids
Thyroid problems
Endometriosis
Lack of luteinising hormone (LH)and follicles stimulating hormone (FSH)
High body weight
Low body weight
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From fertilization to delivery, pregnancy requires a number of steps in a woman’s body. One of these steps is when a fertilized egg travels to the uterus to attach itself. In the case of an ectopic pregnancy, the fertilized egg doesn’t attach to the uterus. Instead, it may attach to the fallopian tube, abdominal cavity, or cervix. A pregnancy in which the fertilised egg implants outside the uterus.
Ectopic pregnancy :- A pregnancy in which the fertilised egg implants outside the uterus is know as ectopic pregnancy.
The fertilised egg don’t survive outside the uterus and if the remain outside the uterus than it may harm to other near by organs. If the fertilised egg left over then it may threats bleeding.
Signs and Symptoms :-
Pelvic pain
Vaginal Bleeding
Abdominal or stomach pain
Swelling over abdominal pain
Blood clots which irritates
Fainting
Vomiting
Pain in one side of body or shoulder pain
Risk factor in ectopic pregnancy:-
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Smoking and drugs and tobacco
Abdominal surgery
Pelvic surgery
STI (sexually transmitted infection
Endometriosis
An infection or inflammation of fallopian tube can cause partially or entirely blocked.
Scar tissue from a previous infection or surgery may impede the egg movement.
Previous surgery in pelvic region can cause adhesions.
Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis
Your doctor will probably do tests that include a pregnancy test and pelvic area test.They might give you an ultrasound to look at your uterus and fallopian tubes.
Treatment :-
Early treatment – Early treatment is at early stages of ectopic pregnancy which mean starting age of the infections. Starting infection include light bleeding, pain in abdominal pain. In this situation your doctor can recommend you medicines.
Late treatment – In server cases, doctors recommend surgery of pelvic region. Late stage of ectopic pregnancy include high bleeding, blockage of fallopian tube. In some case of surgery the previous pelvic infection or surgery can disturb in ectopic pregnancy surgery.
Prevention :-
Limiting the number of sexual partners and using of condoms during intercourse .
Don’t smoke. If you do, quit before you try to get pregnant.
Ignore medicine without recommend.
Don’t ignore early symptoms such as light bleeding.
Stop talking drink, cigarette or drugs.
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Endometriosis is a common and painful disease that affects about 5.5 million women in North America and is one of the top three causes of infertility in women.
During a normal menstrual cycle, the lining of your uterus — called the endometrium — begins to thicken in preparation for becoming pregnant. If you don’t become pregnant that month, your body sheds the endometrium during menstruation and the process starts over. In endometriosis, for reasons that researchers don’t entirely understand, tissue very similar to the endometrium begins to grow outside the uterus in various places that it shouldn’t. It can appear in or on the ovaries, the fallopian tubes, the various structures that support the uterus, and the lining of the pelvic cavity. Sometimes, it’s found in other places as well, including the cervix, vagina, rectum, bladder, bowel, and elsewhere.
The problem is that this tissue behaves like normal endometrial tissue — it builds up and breaks down with your menstrual cycle — but it can’t be shed like normal endometrial tissue during your period. As a result, the rogue tissue causes irritation and inflammation. This buildup of tissue can prevent the eggs from getting out of the ovaries or being fertilized by sperm. It can also scar and block the fallopian tubes, preventing the egg and sperm from meeting.
What Does Endometriosis Feel Like?
The cramps you get during your period can be tough. But if you have endometriosis, the pain can feel so intense it can affect your daily routine, and it even can stop you from doing some of the things you love.
Endometriosis is when the same cells that make up the lining of your uterus, the endometrium, grow outside of the uterus and attach to other parts of your body. This can be very painful, especially during your period.
If you think you might have it, knowing what it feels like is the first step in getting help.
Endometriosis vs. Menstrual Cramps
Menstrual cramps are common, and you can usually get rid of them with over-the-counter medication or home remedies. But the pain from endometriosis is sometimes called “killer cramps” because it can be severe enough to stop you in your tracks. For a lot of women, it gets worse as they get older.
Aside from the pain, other symptoms include:
Really long or extremely heavy periods
Severe migraines or lower back pain during your period
Painful bowel movements
Allergies that get worse around your period
Bleeding between periods
Fatigue
Nausea
Diarrhea
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IVF – in vitro fertilization is not a God gifted treatment it is perform by expert doctor’s which are also humans and sometime they also get unsuccessful in performing treatment . At this time we must have patience and get to know the proper reasons for the failure of the treatment. We know that the news of not having a baby for a female is itself harmful condition for her. Earlier there was no treatment to overcome this problem but today it is very easy to overcome it. Some treatment like IVF, icsi, iui etc. are there for having a successful pregnancy. But sometimes it can also goes wrong or unsuccessful due to some reasons ; the reasons can be improper formation of egg, weak endometirium lining, taking of excess unhealthy or Unpricribe pills etc.
Reasons of failure IVF :-
Failure in achieving proper baseline –IVF failure can happen if the basic requirements to start the cycle aren’t fulfilled. Sometimes even after usage of pills and hormonal supplements, the female reproductive organ isn’t able to reach the required form. Sometimes having barrier pills and contraceptive barrier during sex can further lead to a problem such as in IVF, ICSI etc.
Failure in producing enough number of eggs – in some female irregular menstrual cycle from teenage and having pills during the cycle without consult to the doctor can lead to less development of eggs which is an important requirement for IVF . In some cases after use of FSH (follicles stimulating hormone) and another stimulating hormone the ovary isn’t able to produce multiple follicles or even if multiple follicles are produced not all of them contain eggs.
Quality of Egg – Not every egg formed is alive or can able to go through the treatment . And that is the reason to produce multiple follicles is to produce multiple eggs that can increase the chance of a healthy fertilized egg to be transferred.
Implantation failure – if the experts are successful in producing fertilized eggs and are able to keep them safe until they multiply and reach the stage to be transferred into the uterus, the process of implantation is still risky. The failure of implantation mainly occurs due to fertilized egg having any chromosomal disorder or unhealthy endometrium lining.
The other major factors leading to a failed attempt at IVF are the ones associated with the lifestyle of the patients. That mean the positive environment during ivf, healthy lifestyle, tension free, stress free etc.
Having failure one time is not that we can’t trust second time. It will be difficult to maintain that much trust and also some family can’t conceive the treatment financially. But if we can ; we must.
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Blastocyst culture refers to growing the embryos in the laboratory for two more days at which point they are referred to as blastocyst embryos. Blastocyst transfer simply means that the blastocyst embryos are transferred to the woman’s uterus on day 5 in exactly the same way that day 3 embryos . Three important factors previously limited the number of embryos that could survive to this stage (development stage)
First, the “health” of any embryo will decided its ability to continue to grow and divide. Several eggs may have initially fertilized, but only a few will progress to the four-cell stage on day two in culture, fewer still to the eight-cell stage on day three in culture, and even fewer will develop into blastocysts. This stage can be called as “survival of the fittest.”
he second, limiting factor in preventing continued growth of embryos in culture had been the culture media Or blastocyst media.. These are rich in life-sustaining nutrients that give the embryos every chance to reach there full inherent potential. As a result , embryos will now be exposed to specific media that are designed to meet the nutritional requirements of each stage of development.
Third, even with embryos of good growth potential and optimal culture media, the experience and expertise of the laboratory embryologists doing this important work is critical to achieving good blastocyst development.
Advantages of blastocyst :-
1) It makes a better selection of embryos possible. Embryos which reach this stage offer a better implantation capacity. It is for that reason that we limit transfers to 1 blastocyst (or maximum 2), reducing the risk of multiple births.
2) It allows a more physiological synchronisation between the embryonic phase and the responsiveness of the endometrium.
3) It facilitates the correct supervision of embryo development and the transfer of only the embryos selected by Nature to reach an optimum state of development, which in turn allows for a higher implantation rate.
Disadvantage of blastocyst transfer :-
4.However, if the culture environment is suboptimal, delayed embryo development and even embryonic arrest will occur – at least in some cases. Therefore, if the culture system and quality control in an IVF lab are inconsistent, good results will not be obtained. The only disadvantage is lack of facilities and knowledge to embryologists.
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Intra uterine insemination (IUI) involves a laboratory procedure to separate fast moving sperm from slower or dead sperm. The fast moving sperm are then placed into the woman’s womb close to the time of ovulation when the egg is released from the ovary in the middle of the monthly cycle Or menstrual cycle.
Goal of IUI :
The goal of IUI is to increase the number of sperm that reach the fallopian tubes and subsequently increase the chance of fertilization.
IUI provides the sperm an advantage by giving it a head start but still requires a sperm to reach and fertilize the egg on its own. It is a less invasive and less expensive option compared to In Vitro Fertilization.
Conditions why IUI require for :-
Unexplained infertility
A hostile cervical condition, including cervical mucus problems
Cervical scar tissue from past procedures which may hinder the sperms’ ability to enter the uterus
Ejaculation dysfunction
IUI is not recommended for the following patients:
Women who have severe disease of the fallopian tubes
Women with a history of pelvic infections
Women with moderate to severe endometriosis.
Risk during intra uterine insemination :-
1) Infection. There’s a slight risk of developing an infection as a result of the procedure.
2) Spotting. Sometimes the process of placing the catheter in the uterus causes a small amount of vaginal bleeding. This doesn’t usually have an effect on the chance of pregnancy.
3) Multiple pregnancy. IUI itself isn’t associated with an increased risk of a multiple pregnancy — twins, triplets or more. But, when coordinated with ovulation-inducing medications, the risk of a multiple pregnancy increases significantly. A multiple pregnancy has higher risks than a single pregnancy does, including early labour and low birth weight.
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Prenatal Exercise:- Regular exercise during pregnancy is important for your health and well-being. It can improve posture, prevent backaches, decrease fatigue, relieve stress, and build stamina you will need for labor and delivery. It may also help prevent a type of diabetes that develops during pregnancy (gestational diabetes).
Most aerobic, resistance, and flexibility exercises are safe during pregnancy, but because each woman and each pregnancy is different it’s important to consult your doctor before starting any exercise program while pregnant.
Exercise and Heart Rate:- In the past the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommended pregnant women not raise their heart rate above 140 beats per minute during exercise, but this is no longer a guideline. Most women who were physically active prior to becoming pregnant can maintain physical activity during pregnancy. You may have to reduce the intensity; work out at a comfortable level, such as with low impact aerobics versus high impact. Exercising at about 70% of your maximum heart rate causes no change in the fetal heart rate.
Previously Sedentary:- Whether you were active before your pregnancy or not, you can exercise while pregnant. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologiysts states, “If you are active, pregnancy need not cause you to alter your fitness routine,” and, “If you have not been active, now is a good time to start.” For most women, exercising during pregnancy is safe.
Who Should Not Exercise During Pregnancy?:- However, some women should not exercise during pregnancy. If you have a medical condition such as asthma, heart disease, or diabetes, you should consult your doctor before exercising.In addition, you may be advised to avoid exercise if you have certain pregnancy-related conditions, including bleeding or spotting, low-lying placenta, threatened or recurrent miscarriage, previous premature births or history of early labor, or a weak cervix. Talk to your doctor before starting exercise for some guidelines on what you can and cannot do.
Wet Your Whistle :- Make sure you drink plenty of water when you work out during pregnancy. Try drinking 8 ounces of water 20-30 minutes before you start exercise, and 8 ounces every 20-30 minutes during your workout. Also remember to hydrate following your routine. If you are concerned you will need to use the bathroom more often because you are drinking more, work out at a gym where there is a restroom available, or if you walk or run outside, stay close to home in case you need to make a pit stop.
What Should a Pregnancy Exercise Program Consist Of?:- Consult with your doctor for an individualized exercise program that is right for you. However, if you are healthy and your pregnancy is without complications there are some general guidelines for exercise that most women can follow. Begin workouts with a five-minute warm-up and five-minute stretch. Try to get about 15 minutes of cardiovascular activity and monitor your heart rate. Gradually slow down and lessen the intensity of your cardio, and finish up with some gentle stretches.
What Exercises Are Safe During Pregnancy?:- When you’re pregnant, you can do most types of exercise. Just don’t overdo it. Activities such as swimming, walking, indoor stationary cycling, step or elliptical machines, or low-impact aerobics classes can be very beneficial with a low risk of injury to you or your baby.Some other types of exercise can still be continued but you may find you need to modify your movements. For example, changes in balance may affect your tennis game, and your runs may need to be slowed to accommodate your pregnancy. As you progress in your pregnancy you may want to consider exercises that do not require balance or coordination.
Stretching Exercises:- Stretching is recommended exercise to keep your muscles limber, and to warm up before other more intense workouts. The following slides review some simple stretches you can do before or after your workouts.
Stretching Exercises: Shoulder Rotation:- Shoulder rotations help retain range of motion. Start by bringing your shoulders forward, then rotate them up toward the ears, and back down again. Reverse directions by pulling shoulders back, up toward the ears, and then back down again. Complete four rotations in each direction.
Stretching Exercises: Swim :- Swimming motions can reduce muscle tension and retain flexibility. Start with your arms at your sides. Bring your right arm up and extend your body forward while twisting to the side, as if you were swimming the crawl stroke. Repeat with the left arm, and complete this sequence 10 times.
Stretching Exercises: Thigh Shift:- Keeping your legs limber and flexible can help maintain balance as your pregnancy progresses. To do a thigh shift, start by standing with one foot about two feet in front of the other, toes pointed forward. Lean forward with your body weight supported by your front thigh. Change sides and repeat, completing four stretches on each side.
Stretching Exercises: Leg Shake:- A leg shake can help maintain circulation. Sit down with your legs and feet extended. Move your legs up and down in a gentle shaking motion.
Stretching Exercises: Ankle Rotation:- Foot and ankle swelling during pregnancy is common and ankle rotations can help with circulation and may reduce some fluid buildup. Sit with legs extended and toes relaxed. Rotate your feet in large circles using your whole foot and ankle. Rotate four times on the right and four times on the left.
Kegel Exercises:- It is also important to exercise the muscles supporting the bladder, uterus, and bowels. Kegel exercises target these muscle groups and strengthening them during pregnancy can help you control these muscles during labor and birth.To do Kegel exercises that target the pelvic floor, imagine you are trying to stop the flow of urine or trying not to pass gas. Try not to move your legs, buttocks, or abdominal muscles. Kegels are so subtle no one should notice you are doing them. Contract the muscles and hold for a slow count of five, then relax. Repeat ten times for one set. Do 5 sets per day.
Tailor Exercises :- Tailor exercises can help relieve low back pain by strengthening the pelvic, hip, and thigh muscles.To perform a tailor sit: sit on the floor with your knees bent and ankles crossed. Lean forward slightly, keeping your back relaxed and straight. You can use this position throughout the day whenever possible.To perform a tailor press: sit on the floor with knees bent and the soles of your feet touching. Hold onto your ankles and gently pull your feet toward your body. Place your hands under your knees and inhale. Press your knees down against your hands, and at the same time press your hands up against your knees for counter-pressure. Hold for a count of five.
Yoga Exercises:- Yoga has many health benefits, but it may not be the right type of exercise while you are pregnant. Only try a prenatal yoga class where the poses are specifically geared toward pregnant women. If you do attend a regular yoga class, make sure you inform the instructor beforehand that you are pregnant and ask them to modify poses for you. Avoid “hot yoga” classes while pregnant.
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Understanding Your Monthly Cycle :- Understanding your menstrual cycle can help increase your chances of conceiving, if you desire to become pregnant. The menstrual cycle begins with the first day of menstrual bleeding (the menstrual period). The body releases hormones that encourage maturation of eggs inside follicles of the ovaries. From the 2nd to 14th day of the cycle, these same hormones cause the lining of the uterus to thicken and prepare for implantation of a fertilized egg. These events are referred to as the follicular stage of the menstrual cycle.
What Happens During Ovulation:- Ovulation, or the release of an egg, usually occurs between the 11th and 21st day of the cycle. Ovulation is triggered by a surge in levels of the hormone luteinizing hormone (LH). The cervical mucus changes in consistency and becomes slippery, like egg whites, to facilitate the progress of sperm toward the egg. The average length of the menstrual cycle is 28 to 32 days.
It’s All About Timing :- At birth, females have about 1 to 2 million eggs. Over a woman’s lifetime, only 300 to 400 of them will be released through ovulation. Typically, one egg is released with every menstrual cycle. After release, the egg travels into the Fallopian tube and toward the uterus. Eggs can live about 12 to 24 hours after release, and sperm can live for 3 to 5 days. Knowing when you are due to ovulate can therefore help you plan sex with your partner for the times when you are most likely to conceive.
Tracking When You’re Most Fertile :- Chances for pregnancy are usually best when sexual intercourse occurs 1 to 2 days before you ovulate. You can try to predict this time by counting backwards for 14 days from when you expect your next period, if you have a regular 28 day cycle. You should try to have sex every other day (such as on days 12 and 14) around the time you expect to ovulate. Having sex daily can reduce a man’s sperm count. If your cycle is longer or shorter, you can use an online ovulation calculator to help predict your day of ovulation.
Tracking Ovulation by Temperature :- After ovulation, the empty follicle (called the corpus luteum) produces the hormone progesterone to help prepare the lining of the uterus for pregnancy. The release of progesterone causes an increase in the body temperature. Checking your basal body temperature every morning before getting out of bed is one way to try to determine when ovulation occurs. The thermometer used for this test costs about $10 at drugstores, so the test is inexpensive. However, it’s not as accurate as other ovulation tests.
Predicting Ovulation by Hormone :- Home ovulation kits (ranging from $20 to $50) measure the hormone LH in the urine. The surge in LH is the trigger of ovulation, so this measurement can help identify the day of ovulation. Some kits allow for daily testing, and they are about 99% accurate.
The Last Phase of Your Monthly Cycle:- Progesterone released in the second half of the menstrual cycle prepares the uterine lining for pregnancy. If this does not occur, the egg disintegrates and progesterone levels fall. About 12 to 16 days later, tissues from the lining of the uterus are expelled as menstrual bleeding. This usually takes 3 to 7 days, and then the cycle begins again.
How to Boost Ovulation :- Increasing research suggests that environmental influences may decrease fertility. Leading a healthy lifestyle may improve your chances of getting pregnant. This includes eating folic acid-rich foods, avoiding alcohol and caffeine, maintaining a healthy weight, and consuming more organic fruits and vegetables.
Weight Does Affect Fertility :- Women whose body mass index (BMI) was above normal took twice as long to conceive as those with a normal BMI in one study. Weight loss for those who are overweight can improve both fertility and pregnancy outcomes. Even a 5% to 10% weight loss can improve ovulation and pregnancy rates. Obesity in men can also cause low testosterone levels, which can be a cause of infertility.
Age Affects Conception Success :- A woman’s age also affects her chances of getting pregnant. For example, a healthy 30 year old woman has about a 20% chance of getting pregnant each month. This chance drops to 5% for a healthy 40 year old women. According to experts, a woman under age 35 who has been trying to conceive unsuccessfully for a year should discuss the condition with her doctor. A woman over 35 years of age should seek medical advice after 6 months of trying to conceive.
Fertility Declines in Older Men, Too :- In contrast to women, there is no maximum age at which a man is unable to father a child. However, a man’s sperm count and motility of sperm both decrease with age. Men over age 45 have been shown to take longer to achieve a pregnancy when trying to conceive. You may wish to discuss with your doctor ways to enhance your chances for conception if your partner is older.
How Men Can Boost Fertility:- Some lifestyle modifications may be able to boost male fertility, like maintaining a healthy weight, managing stress, and avoiding tobacco and alcohol use. Eating a diet high in zinc (meats, whole grains, eggs, and seafood), vitamin E, and selenium (meats, seafood, mushrooms, Brazil nuts, and cereals) may also help. Keeping the testicles cool can improve male fertility; hot tubs, hot baths, and saunas can all reduce sperm count.
Infertility Treatments:- A thorough evaluation is the first step in managing infertility, since there are so many potential causes. Treatments can include fertility drugs to stimulate ovulation and assisted reproductive technologies like in vitro fertilization (IVF). IVF involves removal of eggs from the ovaries, fertilizing them with partner sperm, and then inserting them back into the woman’s uterus.
How Home Pregnancy Tests Work :- Home urine pregnancy tests can often tell if you’re pregnant as early as five days before your expected period. These are based on detecting the “pregnancy hormone” or human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) that is produced after implantation of a fertilized egg. If you test too early, you may get a false negative result, so you should repeat the test if you suspect you are pregnant. A blood test at the doctor’s office can provide even more accurate results.
Five Early Signs of Pregnancy:-
Five early signs of pregnancy include:
a missed menstrual period,
feeling easily tired,
feeling nauseous in the morning or at other times,
needing to urinate frequently, and
tenderness and enlargement of the breasts.
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Best infertility hospital in indore 